Correlazioni genotipo-fenotipo, nuovi meccanismi patogenetici, e studio clinico pilota nelle epilessie neonatali associate a mutazioni nei geni KCNQ2/3 codificanti per canali del potassio
- 4 Anni 2015/2019
 - 329.526€ Totale Fondi
 
L'epilessia colpisce lo 0,5-1% della popolazione generale. Sebbene la gran parte delle epilessie non riconoscano una causa specifica e non siano trasmissibili (idiopatiche), circa 1-2% delle epilessie è geneticamente-determinata. Tra queste ultime, mutazioni nel gene KCNQ2 (e più raramente in KCNQ3) codificante per subunità di canali del K+ voltaggio-dipendenti sono responsabili di epilessie con estrema variabilità fenotipica. Dal lato benigno dello spettro sono le Convulsioni Benigne Familiari Neonatali (BFNS), una rara epilessia neonatale autosomica-dominante, caratterizzata da convulsioni ricorrenti che iniziano nei primi giorni di vita e terminano dopo poche settimane o mesi, associate a EEG intercritico, quadro neuroradiologico e sviluppo psicomotorio sono prevalentemente normali. Mutazioni in KCNQ2 sono anche state descritte in neonati affetti da forme di epilessia farmacoresistente, con ritardo psicomotorio, un pattern di - suppression-burst - all'EEG, e caratteristici aspetti neuroradiologici, definendo pertanto una "encefalopatia KCNQ2". Le basi molecolari di tale eterogeneità fenotipica sono sconosciute. Il presente progetto di ricerca espanderà i potenziali meccanismi molecolari coinvolti nella patogenesi delle epilessie collegate a KCNQ2, al fine di stabilire nuove correlazioni tra la gravità della malattia e la specifica alterazione genetica. Inoltre, in pazienti genotipizzati affetti dalle forme più severe ed in cui un difetto specifico nella funzione del canale sia la causa più probabile della patogenesi della malattia, valuteremo se un attivatore dei canali KCNQ sarà in grado di migliorare le manifestazioni convulsive ed il deterioramento cognitivo. I risultati derivanti da tale progetto, oltre ai pazienti affetti da epilessie correlate a KCNQ2, potranno essere d'interesse anche per l'ampia popolazione di pazienti pediatrici affetti da epilessie idiopatiche, per i quali ancora manca un trattamento farmacologico ottimale.
Pubblicazioni Scientifiche
- 2018-06-01 ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY 
De novo gain-of-function variants in KCNT2 as a novel cause of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
 - 2019-08-01 ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY 
Autism and developmental disability caused by KCNQ3 gain-of-function variants
 - 2022-03-01 BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY 
Kv7.4 channels regulate potassium permeability in neuronal mitochondria
 - 2016-05-01 CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 
Expression and function of Kv7.4 channels in rat cardiac mitochondria: possible targets for cardioprotection
 - 2018-01-01 CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 
Pharmacological Targeting of Neuronal Kv7.2/3 Channels: A Focus on Chemotypes and Receptor Sites
 - 2017-01-01 EPILEPSIA 
Infantile spasms and encephalopathy without preceding neonatal seizures caused by KCNQ2 R198Q, a gain-of-function variant
 - 2016-12-01 EPILEPSIA 
Rapid and safe response to low-dose carbamazepine in neonatal epilepsy
 - 2017-03-01 EPILEPSIA 
Neonatal nonepileptic myoclonus is a prominent clinical feature of KCNQ2 gain-of-function variants R201C and R201H
 - 2019-09-01 EPILEPSIA OPEN 
A novel homozygous KCNQ3 loss-of-function variant causes non-syndromic intellectual disability and neonatal-onset pharmacodependent epilepsy
 - 2018-02-01 EPILEPTIC DISORDERS 
Rufinamide for the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: evidence from clinical trials and clinical practice
 - 2017-05-01 FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE 
Differential Regulation of PI(4,5)P2 Sensitivity of Kv7.2 and Kv7.3 Channels by calmodulin
 - 2020-09-04 FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY 
A Novel Kv7.3 Variant in the Voltage-Sensing S4 Segment in a Family With Benign Neonatal Epilepsy: Functional Characterization and in vitro Rescue by β-Hydroxybutyrate
 - 2019-07-02 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 
Epileptic Encephalopathy In A Patient With A Novel Variant In The Kv7.2 S2 Transmembrane Segment: Clinical, Genetic, and Functional Features
 - 2019-09-02 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 
Activation of Kv7 Potassium Channels Inhibits Intracellular Ca2+ Increases Triggered By TRPV1-Mediated Pain-Inducing Stimuli in F11 Immortalized Sensory Neurons
 - 2020-01-09 JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 
Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of Conformationally Restricted Retigabine Analogues as Novel Neuronal Kv7 Channel Activators
 - 2019-12-01 JOURNAL OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 
Insights into the pathogenesis of ATP1A1-related CMT disease using patient-specific iPSCs
 - 2016-04-01 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE 
Characterization of two de novo KCNT1 mutations in children with malignant migrating partial seizures in infancy
 - 2018-08-01 MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY 
Kv7.3 Compound Heterozygous Variants in Early Onset Encephalopathy Reveal Additive Contribution of C-Terminal Residues to PIP2-Dependent K+ Channel Gating
 - 2015-04-01 NEUROPEDIATRICS 
Inferior Olivary Nucleus Involvement in Pediatric Neurodegenerative Disorders: Does It Play a Role in Neuroimaging Pattern-Recognition Approach?
 - 2017-07-15 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY 
Effects of natural and synthetic isothiocyanate-based H2S-releasers against chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain: Role of Kv7 potassium channels
 - 2018-10-01 NEUROTHERAPEUTICS 
Early Treatment with Quinidine in 2 Patients with Epilepsy of Infancy with Migrating Focal Seizures (EIMFS) Due to Gain-of-Function KCNT1 Mutations: Functional Studies, Clinical Responses, and Critical Issues for Personalized Therapy
 - 2019-03-01 OBESITY REVIEWS 
Gender-related issues in the pharmacology of new anti-obesity drugs
 - 2020-07-01 PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 
Epileptic channelopathies caused by neuronal Kv7 (KCNQ) channel dysfunction
 - 2021-05-01 STEM CELL RESEARCH 
Generation of an iPSC line (UNINAi001-A) from a girl with neonatal-onset epilepsy and non-syndromic intellectual disability carrying the homozygous KCNQ3 p.PHE534ILEfs*15 variant and of an iPSC line (UNINAi002-A) from a non-carrier, unaffected brother